![]() Several tools appear responsive and useful in studying recovery from pit viper envenomation. Signs, symptoms, impaired function, and decreased quality of life typically last 7 - 14 days after copperhead envenomation. The study design precluded any assessment of the effectiveness of antivenom. Residual signs, symptoms, and impairment in some subjects lasted through the 28-day study period. Data quality issues limited the utility of the work impairment portion of the WPAI: SHP. Validated self-reported outcome measures, such as the DASH, LEFS, PSFS, PGIC, SF-36, and the daily activities impairment portion of the WPAI: SHP were more responsive than measurements of swelling or walking speed. Across the broad range of measures, abnormalities of pain, swelling, impairments of physical and role function, and quality of life persisted for 7-14 days in most subjects. Most (80%) had moderate severity swelling, and most (75%) received antivenom. We administered the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH), Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS), Work Productivity and Ability Impairment: Special Health Problem (WPAI: SHP), Patients' Global Impression of Change (PGIC), Patient's Global Assessment of Recovery (PGAR), and SF-36 instruments, obtained numeric pain rating scales, and measured grip strength, walking speed, and swelling prior to hospital discharge and 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after envenomation.Ģ0 subjects were enrolled none were lost to follow-up. This is a multi-center prospective, open-label, observational study of patients envenomated by copperhead snakes. The purpose of this observational pilot investigation is to evaluate the utility of several clinical outcome instruments in the setting of copperhead snakebite, and to characterize the clinical course of recovery. (u'images/screens/investigation/link/-1_hover.Although much is known about signs, symptoms, and management in the acute phase of crotaline snake envenomation, little is known about signs, symptoms, function, and quality of life during the recovery phase. _all(callback, seen=None)įile "renpy/display/core.py", line 558, in visit_allįile "renpy/display/image.py", line 744, in visitįile "renpy/display/image.py", line 652, in find_targetĮxception: DynamicImage u'images/screens/investigation/link/_hover.png': could not find image. Root_widget.visit_all(lambda i : i.per_interact())įile "renpy/display/core.py", line 568, in visit_allįile "renpy/display/screen.py", line 441, in visit_all ![]() Repeat, rv = self.interact_core(preloads=preloads, trans_pause=trans_pause, pause=pause, pause_start=pause_start, **kwargs)įile "renpy/display/core.py", line 3737, in interact_core Rv = (roll_forward=roll_forward, **kwargs)įile "renpy/display/core.py", line 3325, in interact Rv = renpy.ui.interact(mouse="screen", type="screen", roll_forward=roll_forward)įile "renpy/ui.py", line 298, in interact Return (method, parsed, *args, **kwargs)įile "renpy/statements.py", line 278, in callįile "renpy/exports.py", line 3136, in call_screen Full Traceback -įile "scripts/places/greenhouseTowerInside.rpyc", line 670, in scriptįile "renpy/ast.py", line 2015, in execute ![]() (u'images/screens/investigation/link/-1_hover.png') Store._return = renpy.call_screen(name, *args, **kwargs)Įxception: DynamicImage u'images/screens/investigation/link/_hover.png': could not find image. I'm sorry, but an uncaught exception occurred.įile "renpy/common/000statements.rpy", line 569, in execute_call_screen
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